Public health insurance in Germany is a solidarity-based system, funded by its members and subsidized by the government. Contribution and coverage rules are set at the federal level, and each insurance provider is required to follow them.
The guiding principle is: everything necessary for an individual to lead a healthy life should be covered, but nothing beyond that. Medical professionals assess whether a genuine health issue exists, and the government covers the most cost-effective treatment available.
If a treatment is considered aesthetic or aimed solely at improving general quality of life, it is not covered. This applies to dermatology treatments as well, but let’s explore that topic in more detail:
What is covered
Skin diseases
Eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections
Acne will be covered in severe cases which may cause infection and therefore health risk
Rosacea (if symptomatic or severe)
Chronic skin conditions requiring ongoing care
Skin cancer screening and treatment
Annual skin cancer screening for individuals over 35 (every two years)
Biopsies, mole checks (if medically indicated)
Removal of suspicious or cancerous moles or lesions
Infections & inflammations
Bacterial or viral skin infections
Wound care and treatment of abscesses or ulcers
Allergy-related skin conditions
Atopic dermatitis
Contact dermatitis (e.g., from allergens)
Allergy testing (with referral from a doctor)
What is not covered
Cosmetic mole removal
Laser therapy for aesthetic reasons (e.g., wrinkles, scars, tattoos)
Treatment of mild acne
Hair loss treatment (unless due to a medical condition)
How to Access Covered Treatments
If you are worried about any changes you notice on your skin, the first step is always to consult your general or family doctor (Hausarzt). They will determine whether a medical issue exists and, if necessary, provide a referral to a dermatologist for further examination or treatment.
Make sure to visit a dermatologist who works with statutory health insurance (Kassenarzt). Most do, so it should not be difficult to find one. You can always ask when booking an appointment if you're unsure.
For any treatment that is covered under public health insurance, payment is handled directly between your insurance provider and the doctor - you do not need to take any action yourself.